Do you need to include references on a nursing resume or cover letter?

Yes. References are always appropriate as someone who can speak to your former work experience and character~ former manager, supervisor, even persons from a previous employment. Avoid names of family members as references.

Add in your resume: references upon demand; give your references once you are called back for an interview; have the references ready to go if you are called for a phone interview.

Yes typically at least three, I've found through experience it's also helpful to list different work references through how much experience to the level of reference your putting in your resume`

Yes.Employers will require usually three.